The Long Term Effects Of Traumatic Brain Injuries

Literature Review Examining the long-term effects of Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) are one of the many areas of brain behavior relationships neuropsychologists focus on. Consequently, studies review the effects obstacles have when attempting to remediate coping following TBI (Krpan, K. M., Anderson, N. D., Stuss, D. T., 2013) while other studies have looked at the relationships between development in children who have suffered from TBI (Ganesalingam, K., Yeates, K. O., Sanson, A. and Anderson, V., 2007). In a highly specialized study, researchers discussed the sex differences in orbitofrontal connectivity in male and female veterans with TBI (McGlade, E., Rogowska, J. Yurgelun-Todd, D., 2015). Nevertheless, while these studies are examining different ways TBI are influencing different behavioral changes in all ranges of people, they all focus on specific brain behavior relationships. The further purpose of these studies is to determine the best rehabilitation methods to achieve the highest possibil ity of cognitive functioning. Through the examination of how TBI effect certain areas of the brain, this will allow neuropsychologists to focus rehabilitation efforts specifically on the areas with the most concentrated brain damage. Traumatic Brain Injuries in Children Researching the social and cognitive functioning in children after experiencing a TBI, was the largest area of research articles within the neuropsychological discourse community. Some examples of thisShow MoreRelatedPhineas Gage Suffers a Traumatic Brain Injury1289 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom a traumatic brain injury. While working at a railroad site, an iron tamping rod (43 inches long, 1.25 diameter) went through his left cheek, through his brain, and out the skull. He surprisingly ended up surviving this traumatic injury. After a month in the hospital, he was back out on the street. Once a nice, caring person, Phineas turned into an aggressive man who could not even keep a job. Just like Phineas Gage, a TBI can potentially change everything. Brain studies on traumatic brain injuriesRead MoreThe Effects Of Traumatic Brain Injuries On Children899 Words   |  4 Pages Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are the one of the leading causes of cognitive impairments in children (Ryan, p. 86) . In any given year, the United States will have about 475,000 cases of TBI in people under 14 years old (Lewis, p. 348). While, injuries such as these in adults can be severe, the effects of the injury on a child’s developing brain may be devastating. A lesion on a rapidly developing brain may be particularly detrimental, often resulting in delays or cessation of development (BraineRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of A Concussion1312 Words   |  6 Pagesof these types of sports are at a significantly higher risk for developing long-term brain damage and cognitive impairment later in life. A concussion is a subset of a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and results from shaking the brain within the skull. The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (the â€Å"AANS†) has defined a concussion as â€Å"a clinical syndrome characterized by an immediate and transient alteration in brain function, including an alteration of mental status and level of consciousnessRead Mor eThe Most Common Form Of Brain Injury1427 Words   |  6 PagesAnnually, 1.4 million people in the United States have experienced some degree of a traumatic brain injury. 1.4 million people every year. And who, you may wonder, is at the highest risk? Children, ages 0 to 14 and young adults, ages 15-19. The term â€Å"traumatic brain injury† (TBI) refers to a brain injury caused by trauma rather than disease, vascular accidents, or alcohol. Incidences of Traumatic Brain Injury have had a significant surge as they are more recognized by the medical profession. OccurringRead MoreConcussions : A Concussion As An Immediate And Transient Neural Function Post Traumatic Impairment1627 Words   |  7 PagesNolan Johnson English IV Mr. Browne 2 March 2017 Concussions Physicians describe a concussion as an immediate and transient neural function post traumatic impairment such as vision disturbance, alteration of consciousness, and other signs which result from brainstem involvement. An impulsive force or direct head blows leading to head acceleration are the leading causes of concussion in sports. However, not all reported loss of consciousness mean it is a concussion. The public mostly associatesRead MoreWhat Does The Phrase Social Justice Mean?853 Words   |  4 PagesWhat does the phrase ‘social justice’ mean? Is it fairness in terms of social life? Equity in the way people are treated within a community? Or even simply, justice for those who are social? Oxford Dictionary describes social justice as â€Å" justice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society,† (Social Justice). Economically, this can mean that monetary resources are evenly distributed throughout the general public . The equal opportunity aspect of social justiceRead MoreThe Effects Of Concussions On The Brain1164 Words   |  5 Pagescerebral injuries that result in a series of metabolic events within the brain. The changes are seen in the fragile neuronal homeostatic balances where changes in the elevations of glutamate and potassium have been identified. The effects of concussions have also been seen in the functioning of the brain rather than in the structure of the brain itself. Being identified as mild traumatic brain injuries, occurring due to a bump or jolt to head or neck, concussions can result in both short-term and long-termRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Concussions On Athletes1489 Words   |  6 PagesKaren Olorunfemi Dr.Jones Topics Anatomy and Physiology December 4, 2015 Long Term Effects of Concussions in Athletes On the morning of December first of two thousand and twelve, Kansas City Chiefs linebacker Jovan Belcher took a .40 caliber gun and shot his girlfriend 22 times inside his master bedroom. He then drove down to Arrowhead Stadium, the Chief’s home stadium, to express his appreciation to his team’s general manager and coach for everything they had done for him, walked away, and thenRead MoreTraumatic Brain Injury Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesTraumatic Brain Injury Traumatic brain injury, also called acquired brain injury or simply head injury, is a result of a sudden blow to the head when an external force is applied causing a disruption of the physiological stability of the brain locally. It can also occur when an object pierces the skull and enters the brain tissue and when elevation in the intracranial pressure occurs and potentially dramatic changes in the blood flow within and to the brain. These changes may produce a diminishedRead MorePrevention For Disease Control And Prevention935 Words   |  4 Pagesyears, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has worked to raise awareness of concussions and head injuries. In fact at least 1.7million traumatic brain injuries or TBI’s occur each year, with older adults and adolescents as the most vulnerable population (Nursing : A Concept-based, 2015, p.696).We now know that a hit or a strike to the head can have long term effects on cognition, physical, and psychological sk ills. The major causes of TBI include falls, vehicle accidents, sports

The Revolution or De-evolution of Stem Cell Research

The Revolution or De-evolution of Stem Cell Research Many people in the around the world have first or second hand encounters with deadly diseases that can lead the person who is afflicted to a lifestyle of medication and therapy. Scientists today have the potential to find cures for these diseases with stem cell research. Stem cells have the potential on making cures for these people. Stem cell research is hindered by the opposing side’s belief that stem cell research is murder since they believe that life begins at conception. Stem cells according to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services, â€Å"Cells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells†. These cells have the ability to become any cell that an ill person requires in order to become better. Reasons why stem cells are not used frequently is that they are still in the infancy stage of research and politics restrict the progress of stem cell research. There are two types of stem cells that are researched but the type that has the most attention are embryotic stem cells. These cells are only acquired from embryos that have been given up for research when they are no longer needed for in vitro fertilization. In vitro is the process of uniting a sperm and egg in a lab than of inside of a woman. The scientist inseminate more than one egg in order for the patient to become pregnant. The scientists than later gives the rest of the unused inseminated eggs to stemShow MoreRelatedImpact of Emerging Markets on Marketing15122 Words   |  61 Pagesthe third part, I discuss how we will need to rethink marketing theory, strategy, policy, and practice in light of the unique nature of emerging markets. I also offer several propositions for further research. In the final section, I provide implications for marketing practice, function, and research. Growth of Emerging Markets A major recent context is the growth of emerging markets (Gu, Hung, and Tse 2008; Hitt et al. 2000; Hoskisson et. al., 2000). It is estimated that by 2035, the gross domesticRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesespoused Compare political figures †¢ Commit illegal acts or influence youths in extreme ideology †¢ Exceptional qualities of leadership, advocacy or enlightenment on various social issues †¢ E.g. Mao Zedong stir youths in 1960s Cultural Revolution: lasting damage especially to the cultural and societal fabric of China †¢ Amount of negative influence politicians could wield is much greater than celebrities as they are the ones ultimately charting the progress of a state †¢ Stirring ferventRead MoreTerrorism in Southeast Asia17760 Words   |  72 PagesTerrorism in Southeast Asia Bruce Vaughn, Coordinator Specialist in Asian Affairs Emma Chanlett-Avery Specialist in Asian Affairs Ben Dolven Section Research Manager Mark E. Manyin Specialist in Asian Affairs Michael F. Martin Analyst in Asian Trade and Finance Larry A. Niksch Specialist in Asian Affairs October 16, 2009 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL34194 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Terrorism in Southeast Asia Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesforms for a new millennium? Postmodernism as a philosophy: the ultimate challenge to organization theory? Reflective organization theory: symbols, meanings and interpretations Reflexive organization theory: critical theory and psychoanalysis The evolution of management as reflected through the lens of modernist organization theory Perspectives and challenges 2 54 100 148 198 242 282 330 382 432 . . Contents Preface List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements xiii xvii xix xx Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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Australian Society System and Social Policies †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Australian Society System and Social Policies. Answer: Introduction Social policies are created in order to improve the overall conditions of people. The development in social policies is a variance of the Canadian pattern which took place from 1935 to 1950 which can be best understood in the light of the political and social structure of the country. The development of social policy is somewhat dependant on the dominant political party and the interest of dominant class on the state. However, in Australia, as social researchers comment, one cannot trace the history and attribute the development of social policy to any single group or their individuals. There are many instances of policy activism in the field of social policy which resulted in the formulation of a number of social policies with special emphasis on jobs and employment, especially for women and physically disabled people. Policy Policy is a course o plan of action that will be undertaken or implemented by government or a lawfully constituted group of individuals to achieve the desired outcomes in the real world. In the words of M. Considine, policy can be seen as a continuance of work brought into action by group of policy actors who operate through public institutions in order to give expression to the things that they deem valuable (Patton, Sawicki Clark, 2015). Social Policy Social policies are implemented with a degree of involvement with government decisions, political parties and society functioning and representing itself through lawfully constituted groups of individual (Alcock, 2016). Social policies are intricately related with the development of economy and the welfare of the citizens, either individually or collectively. It is achieved with a proper allocation of available resources. Social policy takes into its spectrum a range of things like political science, history, law, philosophy, sociology and economics. In Australia, social policies have tremendously affected the lifestyle pattern and choices of Australians. The study of social policy helps a learner to understand the crucial functioning of a society and therefore assess government actions an implementation. A broad, historical overview of the development of Australia's major social policies Social policies may or may not be always formulated in statement and instead can be made to function in a somewhat informal manner, for instance in Commonwealth Employment Service, there were a number of informal policies to ensure that the unemployed people are getting access to their due benefits. In Australia, the significant number of social policies like the introduction of anti-discrimination legislation introduced in the 1980s was mainly aimed at improving the living conditions of the minority groups and as well to protect and enlarge their rights. The introduction of Child Endowment in 1941 was an act of recognition of the rising costs of bringing up of a child. The act allowed five shillings per week after the birth of the second child which was later shifted to include the first child from 1950 above. The government also reached out to single women with children, divorced and illegible for Widow Pension that was introduced in 1942 to provide assistance to some 134766 window s under 60 years of age. The introduction of Child Endowment in 1941 It was introduced during the inter-war years when the Menzies Government recognized the need for a payment of mere five pounds in a week from the birth of the second child. Australia was one of the many countries who undertook the initiative to provide for the needy family, borne in collective cooperation of the tax payers (Smith, 2017). The introduction of Medicare in 1975 It was introduced in a period of huge discontent with the voluntary health insurance scheme and Medicare was introduced with the aim of providing the best health insurance coverage for the Australian population with a simple administration. Medicare has considerably reduced the overall costs of availing basic healthcare services and has made healthcare service which is a basic right to the people, easy. The expansion of childcare in the 1980s This was a culmination of the number of social changes that were taking place within the framework of the society in regard to the care and upbringing of Australian children hailing from financially unstable families. The enlarging of feminist movements, development of the education sector and the need for substantial funding in the sectors of education and childcare propelled the need for expansion of childcare policies in the Commonwealth. It resulted in the functioning of 11000 day care homes for children and 1000 care places for non-school hours with the assistance of Commonwealth and State/Territory funding. In 1988, the expansion provided for assistance to 30,000 childcare places spanning the country. The Northern Territory National Emergency Response Act in 2007 In order to protect the Aboriginal children of Australia from any forms of sexual abuse and violence, the act was initiated by the Australian government. The act was a source of relief for hundreds of women and children from the Northern Territory and recognition of the widespread sexual abuse predominant in the territory (Bielefeld Altman, 2015). Alcohol, drug abuse, family violence and pornography massively victimised the womenfolk and children due to lack of proper initiative on the part of government. The act was a revolutionary change and aimed to protect the children and women by imposing a ban on alcohol, midday meals for children and introducing pornography filters on public computers in certain areas, compulsory health check-ups for the children (Roffee, 2016). Paid parental leave in 2011 The PPL scheme was brought into action to encourage women participation and as well to expand productivity and introduce an atmosphere of gender equality in the workplace. The scheme opened an avenue of opportunities to maintain work-life balance. After the implementation of the act, parents are allowed to take time off from work after the birth of a newborn and at the same time get funded by tax-payer (Dahl et al., 2016). Under the scheme, self-employed to full-time workers, all were eligible to take due benefits. Conclusion The study proves how over the time social policies have sought to improve the overall well-being of the people of Australia. The policies have been introduced into a number of spheres like healthcare and education, job sector, providing care and financial aid to the widows to improve the social and living conditions of the Australians. References: Alcock, P. (2016). The student's companion to social policy. John Wiley Sons. Bielefeld, S., Altman, J. (2015). Australia's First PeoplesStill Struggling for Protection Against Racial Discrimination. Dahl, G. B., Lken, K. V., Mogstad, M., Salvanes, K. V. (2016). What is the case for paid maternity leave?. Review of Economics and Statistics, 98(4), 655-670. Ogloff, J. R., Pfeifer, J. E., Shepherd, S. M., Ciorciari, J. (2017). Assessing the mental health, substance abuse, cognitive functioning, and social/emotional well-being needs of aboriginal prisoners in Australia. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 23(4), 398-411. Patton, C., Sawicki, D., Clark, J. (2015). Basic methods of policy analysis and planning. Routledge. Roffee, J. A. (2016). Rhetoric, Aboriginal Australians and the Northern Territory Intervention: A Socio-legal Investigation into Pre-legislative Argumentation. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 5(1), 131-147. Smith, J. (2017). Paying for care in Australias wage earners welfare state: The case of child endowment. Crown and Sword: Executive power and the use of force by the Australian Defence Force, 161. Winter, B., Forest, M., Snac, R. (2018). Introduction. In Global Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage (pp. 1-18). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.

The creative invention of the Sony Walkman free essay sample

Now a day’s carry music with you is very simple and easy, you just have to download music to your cell phone, Ipod, Mp3, Smartphone, and have some headphones with you, and you can listening some music everywhere. It seems very easy and practicable now, but throwback in time this wasn’t possible; the Sony Walkman, was the first product where you can take music with you, using a cassette and without disturbing others. Who was this creative person? Masuru Ibuka was born in Japan in April 11 of 1908 and died in December 19 of 1997. He co-founded Sony and his friends known him as â€Å"genius inventor†. He had many personality traits that make him the person that he was. He was imaginative, because he came out with the idea of a product that let you to listen music in any activity that you make, the Walkman represented a breakthrough in imagination, also this complements with intuition, he knew that this idea can revolutionized the music industry as how it works. We will write a custom essay sample on The creative invention of the Sony Walkman or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of the things he loved most was listening to music and traveling, all his passion for music makes that the Walkman became true, thanks to the fact that he take risks, risks for the things that he believe and that he can make them come true; at that time the idea of the Walkman was criticized and named as â€Å"crazy idea† but he don’t let that all that commentaries affect them, and continued with his idea, and convinced Sony to make this innovation. At first was difficult to believe in the Walkman, because people were used big recorders or speakers and carry them everywhere making a big sound, and the idea of a kind of little recorder, where you can put any cassette and use headphones to listen music seems unrealizable comparing with big and heavy recorders, but he continued in the production of the artifact that revolutionized the music industry. One of the things he loved most was listening to music and traveling. but when he travel, walk or do any activity he wanted to hear their music and bring it around, without disturbing others around him, because he said that not everyone liked all the same kind of music, and also wanted to have some privacy with music, because when he heard some music he relaxed more, was happy listening to music. Was one of the things he liked and enjoyed doing. So he started thinking about how he can enjoy his music anytime but without carried every  time a huge recorder, and without listen someone else music, but that was only ideas that came out of his mind at that time. On a sunny morning of 1979, Ibuka was running around a park when suddenly he felt like listening to music. So he took a look around him and saw a lot of people walking, running and bicycling and came out with the idea of a device which people could carry while they are doing all these activities, and that it how he came out with the idea of the Walkman. He extracted the circuit from a tape recording and put a stereo amplifier with headphones; also he requested to the general manager of the Tape Recorder Business Division, begin work on a small tape recorder that Sony had launched in 1977 called the Walkman, his name expressed a man walking with his music. When the Walkman was launching Sony sold millions of units. It allowed getting quality sound, similar to a home computer without being so big and noisy. It changed the music industries and became a symbol of the 80 ´s . Many people, especially young people, where so happy with this invention, that the Walkman became very famous, and sell a lot of units in that time, This is the product that will satisfy those young people who want to listen to music all day. Theyll take it everywhere with them, and they wont care about record functions. If we put a playback-only headphone stereo like this on the market, itll be a hit. . They were so successful that they star to develop new types of Walkman, was the sport Walkman that was special for customers that make sports and the where in different colors; also they created a small cassette so in that way they made walkmans smaller and easier to carry them everywhere. When de CD ´S came out, Sony saw an opportunity to improve his device, and the Discman came out in 1984, where the cassettes were replaced for CD ´S, they continued innovating and include a screen where they can watch videos (Video Walkman), and also make the CD ´s smaller and the Minidisc Walkman was born in 1999. The completion starts when Apple launched the IPod that was a similar device where you can listen music and easier to carried because it size, pretty the same as the Walkman MP3 that was launched at that time. The IPod became a really hard competitor for the fact that it came with the iTunes software that change the entire music industry which at the time was grappling with the digitalization of music with audio files. ITunes was and continue being a media player and media library, developed by Apple, that is use to download songs, videos, from a personal computer and directly injected into the IPod. Now a day’s Sony Company is focus in a variety of products, they have produced TV’s, computers, Play Station, speakers, Smartphone, and a big variety of Walkmans, of different sizes, colors, types. Is a very famous and recognized company because the good quality and long life of all their products. This company is very successful in all his products, thanks to their Walkman invention companies as Apple innovate the original walkman and created a different and innovate product. The IPod has the majority of the market in the industry of music player, thanks to all the innovations that they made like the IPod touch, mini IPod that has access to internet, take photos, video recorder, and games, by just an account in the App store and ITunes. â€Å"By 1995, total production of Walkman units reached 150 million and over 300 different Walkman models have been produced to date.† The Walkman was very successful at that time, by selling millions of units and using by all kind of people at that time. Many commercials came out where they show people doing any type of activity; the first commercial was a ballerina stretches it with the walkman before she starts too practiced. I can say that for 80 ´s and 90 ´s the Walkman revolutionized the music industry, it changes as we know today, where you can hear different songs from your phone, iPod, mp3, walkman, everywhere. I can remember using my purple Discman with my favorites CD ´s in every family trip that I have, in my house before I went to sleep, or in any bored moment, I put my headphones on, and play my music and started to dance, it was fun for me, that’s why I’m very thankful to this invention. We can achieve any dream if we believe it and take risk with them, like Masuru Ibuka because of his invention now we can play music everywhere. Bibliography